Brush-holder for dynamic-electric machines.



BRUSH HOLDER FO? Ufff/MO ELC-HIC NACHNES.

wanted Dec. 1T, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

BRUSH HOLDER FOR {IX/MAMO ELECTRIC IIIACHINESA APPLICATION' FILED APR.I7. IP/IS.

BRUSH C, E. F. AHLM & H. Y. HALL.

HOLDER. FOR DYNAMC ELECTRIC MACHINES.

AFPUCAUON .FILED APR.11.|918.

lufeuted Duc. 1T, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4,

GHARLES E. F. AHLM, OF CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, NED 'HARRY Y.

LND, OEB).

@muje Speeicaticn'o Letters Eatent.

Application le pril 17, 1918. erel lo. 2559,63.

holding the brushes in dynamo electric machines and giving them properpressure on a commutator or collector. One of the objects' of theinvention is to provide such a device in a simple and e'ective form,which may be easily disconnected, removed and replaced, ,thus allowingthe ready substitution 'of new brushes. Another object is to enable thespring force to be laccurately adjusted so that the brushes may seat.with the desired pressure. Our brush holder is illustrated in thedrawings hereof and is hereinafter more fully explained and itsessential novel characteristics are set out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly broken away, andin section, or a dynamo equipped with my brush holders; Fig. 2 is an endview of such dynamo; Fig. 3 is an end elevation from the interior of thedynamo looking toward the brushes, the position of the commutator beingindicated by a circle; Fig. 4 is a cross section through a Yportion ofthe motory casing and through the supporting part o one of the brushholders; Fig. 5 isa partial plan of one of the brush holders; Fig. 6 isa sectional elevation of a brush holder and parts of the support ingiframe and the comrnntator,` illustrating a somewhat different system ofelectrical connection to the brushes; -Fig. 7 is a sectional elevationof a portion of a brush holder wherein the stud is secured to the headby bakelite; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary View of bus-bars which may beemployed.

In Figs. 1 and 2, 10 indicates the dynamo casing, 11 the shaft of thearmature or rotor, and' 12 a suitable commutator. 13 indicates adish-shaped member secured to the end 0f the motor frame and having anopening 14 surrounding the armature shaft. rlhis dishshaned frame member13 carries our holders for crushes acting on the commuu tator i27 ashereinafter explained.

indicates spider-like plates or disks adapted he seen hy screws overopenings 1:5 in the fme nieinher 13, each dish the support one of thebrush holders. rihese disks 20 may he dished, as shown in Fig. l, ifdesired.

To carry the brushes, each dish 20 insulatingly supports a stud Thissind is shown as provided with collar 23 and-it passes through a pair ofinsulating washers .24. and which seat in an opening in the disk 20. @nthe outer side of the insulating washer 25 is a plate 26, and bearingagainst this are nuts 27 and 28 screwing onto the threaded outer portion29 of the stud.

The brushes are designated 80. rIhey are mounted on the ends of arms 31Iwhich loosely surround the stud Each arm is provided with a tubular huhgiving it a good hearing on the stud. The brush is secured to the arm inany suitable manner. As shown, the side of `it hears against a -lat face3i while the end of the 'brush engages an overhanging flange 35, and thebrush is secured hy a screw 3G. is many arms may be employed on the studas desired. life have shown two'arms 31 cnrrying two independentbrushes.

To give the brush the desired spring pressure against the commutator orcollector, we provide the coiled spring Il() .which makes .several turnsin a helical form about the huh 32 and has one end anchored to the @ud22 and the other to the arm 31. As shown, the movable end of the springis bent at right angles and passes through an opening in the erm, asindicated at il in Fig. 5. The stationary end of the spring passesthrough an opening in the stud 22.

To properly position the brush arms on the stud, l locate them bysuitable collars as 14 and 45. These collars surroundlthe stud and areshown as secured thereto hy the inner ends 48 of the springs `i() whichthus act also as Cotter pins. `Where two `brushes are employed, asshown, the iirst `brush is held with reasonable closeness between thecollar 23 and the collar fili, and the second between the two collarsdei and 4&5, and so on for more brush arms.

lt will he seen that 'the holder described CTI makes asimpleself-contained device which may be readily removed from the motorframe whenever desired, by taking 'out the screws 21 which hold the diskheads 2O to the frame member 13.

The holding screws 21 for the heads of the brush holders are arrangedequidistantly about the axis so that the screw holes are interchangeableamong the different screw holes in the frame members. Accordingly, thespring pressure on the brushes may be increased or diminished by turningthe head 20 to give the proper pressure and inserting i the screws inthe corresponding registering holes. V

` When the brush holder is put in place there is at first no tension onthe, springs and then the head is simply turned to give the desiredpressure and fastened in place. It will be seen that the screw holes aresubstantially the same radial distance froml the the desired springforce.

By reason of the several turns of the spring around the hub ofthe arm aconsiderable turning of the head 20 corresponds to a comparatively smallchange in the spring pressure. Accordingly three screws with threeopenings might 'be suicient for giving as line an adjustment asordinarily desired. However, to enable a liner adjust mentadditionalthreaded screw holes in the casing are provided and such additionalholes are shown at 19 in- Figs. 1 and 3.

Our brush holders are adapted `for the very convenientsecuring of theelectric connections. For this purpose we have shown two rigid arcualbus-bars and 51 lying in the space within the dish-shaped frame 13 andconnected with the main leads 52 and 53, which, as shown, are flexiblemembers passing through openings in the frame head 13. The bus-bars areconnected with the brushes by flexible connections. In the embodimentshown the two bus-bars have each three flexible terminal members toconnect with the six sets of brushes shown. The terminal members of thebar 50 are designated 54 and'those of the bar 51 are designated 55. Eachof these terminal members is shown in Figs. 2 and 4 as lpassin throughone of the openings 57 in t e dis and as secured to the stud 22 by aflattened end 56 which lies between the clamping nuts 27 and 28 Withsuch connections as just described the removal of the nut 28 allows thediscon- \necti0n of the liexible terminal member, and

shown, the electric connections may readily disconnected, and thebrushes, to.l

head 20 i then the brush holder can be freely removed,

the brush arms and brushes passing readily through the openings l5 intheframe member.

It is customary to employ pig-tails directly connecting brushes with thebrush.

holder (to make a better electric connection) though such pig tails areomitted for clearness in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive. In Figs. 6 and Y whenthese pig tails are thus disconnected, l

the brush h der with the ig tails is readily removed by the removal othe head 20. kIn this construction it is desirable to insulatinglyprotect the outer end of the kshaft 22 and its clamping nuts, and this-may be readily eiiected by an. insulating domeshaped cap 70 screwingonto the washer 26.

A simpler manner of lcarrying the stud 22 is by securing it directly tothe head 20 by bakelite. This is illustrated in Fig. 7, where the head20 has a cup-likecavity 75 facing the .interior of the machine andhavingannular vided wit an annular groove "1"?. 78 indiglroove 76, and thestud 22 is pro-l cates bakelite filling the space around thel stud andwithin the cavity the rooves andthus eiectively securing the u.; stu ltothe head.

It will be seen that in any of the forilijis e gether with their carryinarms, and stud, readily removed through t e adjacent'openin by simplydisconnecting the'head 20.

and occupying aving thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. The combination, with a dynamo having an opening through its frameadjacent to the exterior of the commutator or collector, of a brushholder havinga swinging arm in the interior of the dynamo frame andhaving 'supporting means removably secured to the frame adjacent s'aidopening and independentl of the support for the `armature shaft, saidopening being large enough for the removal of the brush holder throughit. e

2. he combination with a'dynamo frame having an opening, of a brushholder in the interior of the frame adjacent to said opening, saidholder comprising a stud,

means carrying it and extending throu h the o penin and removablysecured tot e' exterior o the frame, an ami. pivotally' iso mounted onthe stud and adapted to carry a brush, and a spring acting on said arm,

the openin being large enough for the removal of t e brush and armassembled. 3'. The combination with a dynamo frame having an opening, ofa head removably se cured to the exterior of the frame and eX tendingover the opening, a stud projecting from said head into the spacevvithin the frame, an arm rotatively mounted on said stud, a brushcarried by said arm, and a spring acting on the arm, said opening beinglarge enough to allow the removal through it of the brush, arm, springand the 15 portion of the studon which the arm is journaled.

4. The combination with a dynamo having a plurality of openings throughits frame adjacent to the exterior of the commutator or collector, aplurality o1? heads adapted to be secured to the frame across saidopenings, a stud carried by each head, anarm pivoted on each stud, and aspring acting on each arm, eachA opening being large enough-to permitthe removal through it of the arm when mounted on the stud.

5. The combination with a dynamo having an end frame plate 1withopenings through it, individual disk members independent of the armatureshaft and secured to the outside of th'e'irame plate across saidopenings, each disk member having a stud, an arm pivoted on the stud,and a brush carried bythe arm, the arm and brush being adapted forremoval through the opening in the frame.

6. The combination With a dynamo havling an end frame plate withopenings through it, individual disk members independent of the armatureshaft and secured to the frame' plate across said openings, each diskmember having a stud, an arm pivotcd on the stud, a brush carried by thearm. and a spring acting on the arm.

7. In a dynamo, the combinationof a frame member having an openingthrough it adj aoent to the exterior of the commutator or collector, amember adapted to be secured to the exterior of the frame adjacent tosaid opening and independent of the support for the armature shaft,meanscarried by said member and extending through the opening andcarrying a brush holder, and means adapted to secure the) last mentionedmember in various angular positions to the dynamo frame.

8. The combination of a dynamo having an end frame member with aplurality of openings through it arranged in an annular row registeringwith the space about the exterior of the commutator or collector andindependent of the armature and concentric of its axis, a plurality ofdisk heads, one for each opening, means adapted to secure each head tothe outside of the frame in a plurality of positions, and abrush-holding arm carried by each head.

9. The combination of a dynamo having an end frame member with aplurality oi" openings through it arranged in an annulairow registeringwith the space about the exterior of the commutator or collector, aplurality or' disk heads, one for each opening, screws adapted to secureeach head to the frame in a plurality of positions.` a stud carried byeach head, a brush-holding arm on each stud, and a spring acting on eacharm.

10. ln a dynamo, the combination of a frame' member havinganopeningthrongh it adjacent of the exterior of the commutator orcollector, a diskliike member adapt ed to extend across the opening,screws ar! ranged equi-distantly about the disk-lilarnember and adaptedto secure it in various angular positions to the outside 'of the d):-namov frame, and a device for lcarri/ing a brush secured to saiddisk-like member-f 11. ln a dynamo, the 'combination of an end framemember 'having an yopening through it adjacent'to the exterior of, its

commutator or collector, a disk-like' member` adapted to extend acrossthe opeuin screws,

arranged equi-distantiyahout the Vdisk-likev member and adapted'tosecure'it insvarious angular positions-to the dynamo frame. a

stud carried' by the disk-like member and' extending into the opening,and au arm pivotally mounted on the stud and adaped to carry a brush.

l2. The combination with a dynamo, of a brush holder therefor,comprisingl a head adapted to be secured to the dynamo trame. a studprojecting from said head, an arm having a hub mounted on the stud, ahelical spring coiled about the hub of the arm and secured at one end ofthe arm and the other end to the stud, and a plate carrying saidstud,'there being an opening through the frame through Which the brushholder may1 be removed, said opening vbeing bridged b v said plate.

13. In a dynamo, the combination of an endl frame member having anopening through it adjacentto the exterior of the commutator orcollector, a brush holder having a member independent oi' the snuportVfor the armature shaft and adaptedto be secured to ,/the exterior oftire dynamo frameA adjacent to the opening, a stud ried by the lastmentioned member and entending' through the opening, anarm haviiig a hubmounted on the stud, a helical vspring coiled about the hub of the armand secured at' one end to the arm and the other end to the stud, saidopening being oi sui'iicient size to enable the removal of the stud, armand s ring intact. l

14. n n brush holder, the combina with a supporting member, of a studcandle@ l lil an. end frame member having an opening through it, of adisk-like head, means for securing it in ,various angular positionscommutator or collector,

dividual disk-like members, one for each opening, equidistant screwsadapted to seacross said opening, an axial stud carried by-sa1d head, anarm on sald stud havlng a hub, a helical spring coiled around said huband anchoredto the arm and at the other tothe stud and a brush carriedby the arm. Y

16. In a dynamo, the combination of an end frame member having openings'through it arranged in an annular row, registering with the space aboutthe exterior of the aA series of incure said disk-like members invarious positions across said opening, a stud carried by each disk-likeo ening extending parallel with the axis of? the commutator or collectorandv insulatingly carried by the disk- .electric like member, an armsurrounding said stud, a brush carried by the arm, a collar for"positioning the arm, and a helical spring surrounding the stud anchoredat one end of the arm and at the other end to both the collar and stud.

17. The combination, with the stationary ield frame of a' dynamo, of aremovable end member therefor having a' plurality of openings throughit'adjacent to the exterior of the eommutator or collector, a pluralityof heads adapted to be removably secured to said end member across saidopenings, a stud carried by each head,l an arm pivoted on each stud, abrush carried by each arm, and connections for the respective brushes. Y

18. The combination of a dynamo frame, a removable bell secured to theend of th'e frame, a'n annular series of removable heads Secured to thebell, a brush holder barricd by each head and removable through openingsin the bell, bus-bars housed Within the bell, and flexible conductors inelectric connection with the bus-bars and the brushes.

In testimony whereof, We hereunto affix our signatures. l

CHARLES E. F. AHLM. HARRY Y. HALL.

